NF-κB

Molecular characterization, expression, and functional analysis of NOD1 in Qingyuan partridge chicken

Z. Y. Tao, Zhu, C. H., Shi, Z. H., Song, C., Xu, W. J., Song, W. T., Zou, J. M., and Qin, A. J., “Molecular characterization, expression, and functional analysis of NOD1 in Qingyuan partridge chicken”, vol. 14, pp. 2691-2701, 2015.

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein-1 (NOD1) is a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) and a key member of the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family. It has been reported that NLRs recognize a variety of microbial infections to induce the host innate immune response via modulation of NF-κB signaling. However, no reports on chicken NOD1 have been reported to date. In the current study, the full-length cDNA sequence of NOD1 was cloned. The complete open reading frame of NOD1 contains 2856 bp and encodes a 951 amino acid protein.

Transcriptional regulation of CD4 gene expression in porcine kidney epithelial cells by virus-like double-stranded RNA and DNA methyltransferase inhibitor

X. S. Wang, Ao, H., Zhai, L. W., Bai, L. J., He, W. Y., Wang, C. D., and Yu, Y., “Transcriptional regulation of CD4 gene expression in porcine kidney epithelial cells by virus-like double-stranded RNA and DNA methyltransferase inhibitor”, vol. 13, pp. 3346-3355, 2014.

The effects of virus-like double-stranded RNA (dsRNA, PolyI:C) and DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (Aza-CdR) on CD4 gene expression were investigated in a porcine kidney cell line (PK15). We found that expression levels of TLR3 and IFNαwere significantly upregulated by PolyI:C, compared to the untreated PK15 cells, which shows that PolyI:C successfully mimics viral infection in PK15 cells.

Cloning and functional identification of a novel BCA3 splice

Y. Zhang, Hu, M. Y., Qiao, C. X., Feng, J. N., Lin, Z., Shen, B. F., Ma, Y. F., Li, Y., Li, Y. L., and Lv, M., “Cloning and functional identification of a novel BCA3 splice”, vol. 13, pp. 10648-10656, 2014.

The human breast cancer-associated gene (BCA3) was first discovered in breast and prostate cancer cells lines. In vivo studies have shown that BCA3 is mainly expressed in breast tumor cells and not in normal breast and prostate tissues. To date, 3 splice variants of BCA3 have been reported: a double-absent variant lacking exon 3 and exon 5 (BCA3-1), an exon 3-absent variant (BCA3-2), and full-length BCA3.

Rituximab regulates the expression of the Raf kinase inhibitor protein via NF-κB in renal tissue of rats with diabetic nephropathy

L. Li, Zhao, Y. W., Zeng, J. S., Fan, F., Wang, X., Zhou, Y., and Zhu, Z., “Rituximab regulates the expression of the Raf kinase inhibitor protein via NF-κB in renal tissue of rats with diabetic nephropathy”, vol. 12, pp. 2973-2981, 2013.

This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of the Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) and NF-κB in renal tissues of diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats, and to determine the underlying molecular targets of rituximab (RTX), with the goal of developing new clinical treatment selection for DN. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group (N), a DN group (M), and an RTX treatment group (D). Blood glucose and 24-h urine protein levels of rats were determined.

RXR agonists inhibit high glucose-induced upregulation of inflammation by suppressing activation of the NADPH oxidase-nuclear factor-κB pathway in human endothelial cells

R. B. Ning, Zhu, J., Chai, D. J., Xu, C. S., Xie, H., Lin, X. Y., Zeng, J. Z., and Lin, J. X., “RXR agonists inhibit high glucose-induced upregulation of inflammation by suppressing activation of the NADPH oxidase-nuclear factor-κB pathway in human endothelial cells”, vol. 12, pp. 6692-6707, 2013.

An inflammatory response induced by high glucose is a cause of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and is an important contributing link to atherosclerosis. Diabetes is an independent risk factor of atherosclerosis and activation of retinoid X receptor (RXR) has been shown to exert anti-atherogenic effects. In the present study, we examined the effects of the RXR ligands 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA) and SR11237 on high glucose-induced inflammation in human umbilical endothelial vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and explored the potential mechanism.

The effects of resveratrol on cyclooxygenase-1 and -2, nuclear factor kappa beta, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and sirtuin 1 mRNA expression in hearts of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

A. S. Yar, Menevse, S., and Alp, E., “The effects of resveratrol on cyclooxygenase-1 and -2, nuclear factor kappa beta, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and sirtuin 1 mRNA expression in hearts of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats”, vol. 10, pp. 2962-2975, 2011.

Resveratrol (RSV) has a beneficial role in the prevention of diabetes and alleviates some diabetic complications, such as cardiomyopathy. We investigated cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), COX-2, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) mRNA expression levels in heart tissue after RSV treatment in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. After induction of chronic diabetes with STZ, 10 mg RSV/kg per day was administered to DM and DM+RSV groups for four weeks.

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