Multivariate analysis

Multivariate analysis of molecular markers in peripheral blood associated with recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma

X. J. Liu, Wang, B., Jiang, W. G., Li, Y. J., Liu, J. B., and Zhang, M., “Multivariate analysis of molecular markers in peripheral blood associated with recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma”, vol. 14, pp. 1502-1507, 2015.

Invasion, metastasis, and recurrence are the most common causes of death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and are therefore critical factors for both therapy and prognosis. Current methods for diagnosis of HCC rely mainly on serological markers such as alpha-fetoprotein and liver enzymes, together with physical assessment and imaging techniques. The availability of more accurate serum markers may facilitate screening and early diagnosis, which will improve prognosis.

Retrospective analysis of pathologic nipple discharge

L. Yang, Wu, D., and Fan, Z. - M., “Retrospective analysis of pathologic nipple discharge”, vol. 14, pp. 1443-1449, 2015.

The cause of pathologic nipple discharge is mainly benign lesions, but there is still a possibility of malignancy. Pathologic nipple discharge may be the only or the first symptom of breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the clinical factors associated with lesions in patients with pathologic nipple discharge using a retrospective analysis of clinical data in 207 cases. The univariate analysis showed that age >50 years, breast lumps, or breast calcifications were risk factors associated with breast cancer in nipple discharge patients (P 0.05).

Genetic diversity in sugarcane varieties in Brazil based on the Ward-Modified Location Model clustering strategy

B. P. Brasileiro, Marinho, C. D., Costa, P. M. A., Moreira, E. F. A., Peternelli, L. A., and Barbosa, M. H. P., “Genetic diversity in sugarcane varieties in Brazil based on the Ward-Modified Location Model clustering strategy”, vol. 13, pp. 1650-1660, 2014.

We evaluated the genetic diversity of 77 clones of sugarcane used in crosses made by the Brazilian interuniversity network for the development of the sugar/energy sector (RIDESA) breeding program. Characterization of the genotypes was carried out at the ratoon stage, based on eight morphological traits and seven agronomic traits. Diversity analysis was carried out beginning with the Ward-Modified Location Model. The ideal number of groups was three. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were composed of 37, 21, and 19 accessions, respectively.

Adaptability and stability analysis of the juice yield of yellow passion fruit varieties

E. J. Oliveira, Freitas, J. P. X., and Jesus, O. N., “Adaptability and stability analysis of the juice yield of yellow passion fruit varieties”, vol. 13, pp. 6512-6527, 2014.

This study analyzed the genotype x environment interaction (GE) for the juice productivity (JuProd) of 12 yellow passion fruit varieties (Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Deg.) using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model and auxiliary parameters. The experiments were conducted in eight environments of Bahia State, Brazil, using a randomized block design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed significant effects (P ≤ 0.01) for environments, genotypes, and GE interaction.

Genetic diversity of Capsicum chinensis (Solanaceae) accessions based on molecular markers and morphological and agronomic traits

F. L. Finger, Lannes, S. D., Schuelter, A. R., Doege, J., Comerlato, A. P., Gonçalves, L. S. A., Ferreira, F. R. A., Clovis, L. R., and Scapim, C. A., “Genetic diversity of Capsicum chinensis (Solanaceae) accessions based on molecular markers and morphological and agronomic traits”, vol. 9, pp. 1852-1864, 2010.

We estimated the genetic diversity of 49 accessions of the hot pepper species Capsicum chinensis through analyses of 12 physicochemical traits of the fruit, eight multi-categorical variables, and with 32 RAPD primers. Data from the physicochemical traits were submitted to analysis of variance to estimate the genetic parameters, and their means were clustered by the Scott-Knott test. The matrices from the individual and combined distance were estimated by multivariate analyses before applying Tocher’s optimization method.

Morphometric and molecular analysis of mackerel (Rastrelliger spp) from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia

M. N. Darlina, Masazurah, A. R., Jayasankar, P., Jamsari, A. F. J., and Siti, A. M. N., “Morphometric and molecular analysis of mackerel (Rastrelliger spp) from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia”, vol. 10, pp. 2078-2092, 2011.

Mackerel (Scombridae; Rastrelliger) are small commercially important pelagic fish found in tropical regions. They serve as a cheap source of animal protein and are commonly used as live bait. By using a truss morphometrics protocol and RAPD analysis, we examined morphological and genetic variation among 77 individual mackerel that were caught using long lines and gillnets at 11 locations along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Nineteen morphometric traits were evaluated and genetic information was estimated using five 10-base RAPD random primers.

Evaluation of genetic dissimilarity in a segregating wine grape population

A. P. Viana, Riaz, S., and Walker, M. A., “Evaluation of genetic dissimilarity in a segregating wine grape population”, vol. 10, pp. 3847-3855, 2011.

This study examined the genetic diversity present in a population obtained by crossing two very distinctive varieties of wine grapes (142 progeny from a Riesling x Cabernet Sauvignon cross, including both parents, created at the University of California). The following list of morphological characters were evaluated and found to segregate in this population: cluster weight, cluster length, presence or absence of cluster wings, cluster wing length, number of berries, cluster density (CD), and berry weight.

Multivariate analysis