Microsatellite

Polyandry in the red-headed river turtle Podocnemis erythrocephala (Testudines, Podocnemididae) in the Brazilian Amazon

C. Fantin, Farias, I. P., Monjeló, L. A. S., and Hrbek, T., “Polyandry in the red-headed river turtle Podocnemis erythrocephala (Testudines, Podocnemididae) in the Brazilian Amazon”, vol. 9. pp. 435-440, 2010.

The genus Podocnemis comprises six living species, including P. erythrocephala (irapuca - red-headed river turtle). Data are available concerning the reproductive biology of the species of the genus Podocnemis, but little is known about their reproductive strategies. Considering the total lack of such data for P. erythrocephala, and with the goal of contributing information on their mode of reproduction, we examined the relationships among individuals of nests of this turtle, using microsatellite markers.

Polymorphic CA microsatellites in the third exon of the bovine BMP4 gene

X. Zhong, Zan, L. S., Wang, H. B., and Liu, Y. F., “Polymorphic CA microsatellites in the third exon of the bovine BMP4 gene”, vol. 9, pp. 868-874, 2010.

We examined the variation of the BMP4 gene in four Chinese indigenous cattle breeds and investigated the association of this polymorphism with body measurement traits. Using PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing, a polymorphic microsatellite was detected in the third exon of the bovine BMP4 gene in 459 samples from four Chinese indigenous cattle breeds, Qinchuan, Luxi, Nanyang, and Jiaxian red. The two alleles were named A and B. Allele frequencies of BMP4-A/B in the four breeds were 0.939/0.061, 0.928/0.072, 0.929/0.071, and 0.938/0.062, respectively.

Polymorphic microsatellite loci from two enriched genomic libraries for the genetic analysis of the miiuy croaker, Miichthys miiuy (Sciaenidae)

R. X. Wang, Xu, T. J., Sun, Y. N., and He, G. Y., “Polymorphic microsatellite loci from two enriched genomic libraries for the genetic analysis of the miiuy croaker, Miichthys miiuy (Sciaenidae)”, vol. 9. pp. 931-934, 2010.

Twelve polymorphic microsatellites from the (AG)13 and (CA)13 enriched genomic libraries of Miichthys miiuy were isolated and characterized in a test population; the number of alleles ranged from two to nine. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.1923 to 1.0000 and from 0.2633 to 0.8337, respectively. Three loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and linkage disequilibrium between five pairs of loci was significant.

Development of microsatellite markers for Hoplias malabaricus (Erythrinidae)

S. G. C. A. Gondim, Resende, L. V., Brondani, R. P. V., Collevatti, R. G., Silva-Júnior, N. J., Pereira, R. R., and Telles, M. P. C., “Development of microsatellite markers for Hoplias malabaricus (Erythrinidae)”, vol. 9. pp. 1513-1517, 2010.

We identified 14 microsatellite loci for the wolf fish, Hoplias malabaricus (Erythrinidae), from a genomic shotgun library. Twenty-five primers were designed, and 48 individuals of H. malabaricus from four localities of northwest Goiás, in central Brazil, were genotyped to characterize the polymorphism at each locus. Fourteen primers amplified clearly interpretable products using a single PCR protocol; six loci were polymorphic, but with a low number of alleles per locus (2 or 3). Expected heterozygosities for polymorphic loci ranged from 0.136 to 0.505.

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the hard-shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus (Mytilidae)

T. - J. Xu, Sun, Y. - N., Yuan, Y. - T., Liao, Z., and Wang, R. - X., “Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the hard-shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus (Mytilidae)”, vol. 9. pp. 1388-1391, 2010.

Mytilus coruscus is one of the most important cultured species of marine shellfish in China. Using an expressed sequence tag-library and two microsatellite-enriched genomic libraries of M. coruscus, we isolated and characterized 12 polymorphic microsatellites in a test population; the number of alleles ranged from three to seven, and the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.0333 to 0.8571 and from 0.3452 to 0.8267, respectively. Four loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in the armored catfish Hypostomus gymnorhynchus (Loricariidae)

M. P. C. Telles, Resende, L. V., Brondani, R. P. V., Collevatti, R. G., Costa, M. C., and Júnior, N. J. Silva, “Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in the armored catfish Hypostomus gymnorhynchus (Loricariidae)”, vol. 9. pp. 1770-1774, 2010.

We isolated and characterized 10 microsatellite loci in the armored catfish (Hypostomus gymnorhynchus, Loricariidae), using a genomic shotgun library to obtain the repetitive sequences. Twenty-four primers were designed and 14 individuals of H. gymnorhynchus from the Caiapó River, in central Brazil, were genotyped using these primers to analyze the polymorphism at each locus. All loci showed low polymorphism, with a low number of alleles per locus (1 or 2), except locus Hg_E19, which had 11 alleles.

Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in the gray mullet (Mugil cephalus)

T. - J. Xu, Sun, D. - Q., Shi, G., and Wang, R. - X., “Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in the gray mullet (Mugil cephalus)”, vol. 9, pp. 1791-1795, 2010.

Using an (AG)13 enriched genomic library of Mugil cephalus, 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and char­acterized in a test population; the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 11. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.2593 to 0.8966 and from 0.3047 to 0.8454, respectively. Two loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; linkage disequilibrium among the 12 loci was non-significant. These polymorphic micro­satellite loci will be useful for genetic diversity analysis and mole­cule-assisted breeding of the gray mullet.

Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for the walking goby (Scartelaos viridis; Gobiidae)

D. Q. Sun, Li, H. Y., Xu, T. J., and Wang, R. X., “Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for the walking goby (Scartelaos viridis; Gobiidae)”, vol. 10. pp. 203-207, 2011.

Scartelaos viridis (walking goby) is a small edible fish that inhabits warm inshore environments. To provide molecular information of S. viridis, we developed and characterized microsatellite markers for this species. Using (CA)15-enriched genomic libraries of Scartelaos viridis, 44 positive clones were sequenced; 34 sequences contained multiple repeat motifs (di-, tri- and tetra-nucleotide). In all, 23 primer pairs were designed and 15 were successfully amplified. Forty-two S.

Isolation and characterization of 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers for the frog Pelophylax hubeiensis

J. - C. Yan, Zhu, F. - H., and Wu, H. - L., “Isolation and characterization of 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers for the frog Pelophylax hubeiensis”, vol. 10. pp. 268-272, 2011.

Twelve polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated from an (AC)n- and (AG)n-enriched DNA library for the endemic Chinese frog Pelophylax hubeiensis (Ranidae). The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to eight, with a mean of 5.17. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.226 to 0.839 and from 0.204 to 0.826, with means of 0.568 and 0.656, respectively. No significant linkage disequilibrium was detected among these loci.

Characterization of 10 novel microsatellite loci for the brown marbled grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Serranidae)

M. A. A. Mokhtar, Normah, M. N., Kumar, S. V., and Baharum, S. N., “Characterization of 10 novel microsatellite loci for the brown marbled grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Serranidae)”, vol. 10, pp. 885-888, 2011.

Epinephelus fuscoguttatus is a commercially important marine fish species in southeast Asia. Due to overfishing and water pollution, this species has been declared as near-threatened. Thus, to provide information to help maintain and preserve the species, microsatellites were developed, using an enriched genomic library method. Thirty individuals were collected from the hatchery of the Fishery Research Institute, Terengganu, Malaysia. These individuals, from four to six years old, originated from Sabah and are maintained in captive culture as broodstock.

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