Germplasm

Genetic divergence in a soybean (Glycine max) diversity panel based on agro-morphological traits

M. B. Marconato, Pereira, E. M., Silva, F. M., Bizari, E. H., Pinheiro, J. B., Mauro, A. O., Unêda-Trevisoli, S. H., Marconato, M. B., Pereira, E. M., Silva, F. M., Bizari, E. H., Pinheiro, J. B., Mauro, A. O., and Unêda-Trevisoli, S. H., “Genetic divergence in a soybean (Glycine max) diversity panel based on agro-morphological traits”, vol. 15, no. 4, p. -, 2016.

INTRODUCTION

Genetic diversity among air yam (Dioscorea bulbifera) varieties based on single sequence repeat markers

D. M. Silva, Siqueira, M. V. B. M., Carrasco, N. F., Mantello, C. C., Nascimento, W. F., Veasey, E. A., Silva, D. M., Siqueira, M. V. B. M., Carrasco, N. F., Mantello, C. C., Nascimento, W. F., and Veasey, E. A., “Genetic diversity among air yam (Dioscorea bulbifera) varieties based on single sequence repeat markers”, vol. 15, p. -, 2016.

Dioscorea is the largest genus in the Dioscoreaceae family, and includes a number of economically important species including the air yam, D. bulbifera L. This study aimed to develop new single sequence repeat primers and characterize the genetic diversity of local varieties that originated in several municipalities of Brazil. We developed an enriched genomic library for D. bulbifera resulting in seven primers, six of which were polymorphic, and added four polymorphic loci developed for other Dioscorea species.

New hybrids from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and synthetic amphidiploid crosses show promise in increasing pest and disease tolerance

A. P. Fávero, Pádua, J. G., Costa, T. S., Gimenes, M. A., Godoy, I. J., Moretzsohn, M. C., and Michelotto, M. D., “New hybrids from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and synthetic amphidiploid crosses show promise in increasing pest and disease tolerance”, vol. 14, pp. 16694-16703, 2015.

The primary gene pool of the cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L., allotetraploid AABB) is very narrow for some important characteristics, such as resistance to pests and diseases. However, the Arachis wild diploid species, particularly those from the section Arachis, still have these characteristics. To improve peanut crops, genes from the wild species can be introgressed by backcrossing the hybrids with A. hypogaea. When diploid species whose genomes are similar to those of the cultivated peanut are crossed, sterile hybrids result.

Comparison of eight methods of genomic DNA extraction from babassu

J. P. G. Viana, Borges, A. N. C., Lopes, A. C. A., Gomes, R. L. F., Britto, F. B., Lima, P. S. C., and Valente, S. E. S., “Comparison of eight methods of genomic DNA extraction from babassu”, vol. 14, pp. 18003-18008, 2015.

Babassu (Orbignya phalerata Martius) is one of the most important palms in Brazil because of the largest morphological variation, wide geographic distribution, and high socio-economic importance. The diversity present in babassu germplasm should be protected against loss to ensure their use with high productivity. Study of the available variability in populations of babassu is necessary to develop conservation strategies. The study of genetic variability can be conducted using molecular markers and many of these studies require significant quantity of high-quality DNA.

Genetic diversity analysis in Tunisian perennial ryegrass germplasm as estimated by RAPD, ISSR, and morpho-agronomical markers

S. Ghariani, Elazreg, H., Chtourou-Ghorbel, N., Chakroun, M., and Trifi-Farah, N., “Genetic diversity analysis in Tunisian perennial ryegrass germplasm as estimated by RAPD, ISSR, and morpho-agronomical markers”, vol. 14, pp. 18523-18533, 2015.

Tunisia is rich in diverse forage and pasture species including perennial ryegrass. In order to enhance forage production and improve agronomic performance of this local germplasm, a molecular analysis was undertaken. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and morpho-agronomical traits markers were used for genetic diversity estimation of ryegrass germplasm after screening 20 spontaneous accessions, including a local and an introduced cultivars.

Genetic fidelity and variability of micropropagated cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz) evaluated using ISSR markers

Á. M. Vidal, Vieira, L. J., Ferreira, C. F., Souza, F. V. D., Souza, A. S., and Ledo, C. A. S., “Genetic fidelity and variability of micropropagated cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz) evaluated using ISSR markers”, vol. 14, pp. 7759-7770, 2015.

Molecular markers are efficient for assessing the genetic fidelity of various species of plants after in vitro culture. In this study, we evaluated the genetic fidelity and variability of micropropagated cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz) using inter-simple sequence repeat markers. Twenty-two cassava accessions from the Embrapa Cassava & Fruits Germplasm Bank were used. For each accession, DNA was extracted from a plant maintained in the field and from 3 plants grown in vitro.

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