Genetically modified organism

Detection of genetically modified maize and soybean in feed samples

S. Meriç, Çakır, Ö., Turgut-Kara, N., and Arı, Ş., “Detection of genetically modified maize and soybean in feed samples”, vol. 13, pp. 1160-1168, 2014.

Despite the controversy about genetically modified (GM) plants, they are still incrementally cultivated. In recent years, many food and feed products produced by genetic engineering technology have appeared on store shelves. Controlling the production and legal presentation of GM crops are very important for the environment and human health, especially in terms of long-term consumption. In this study, 11 kinds of feed obtained from different regions of Turkey were used for genetic analysis based on foreign gene determination.

Detection limits of the strip test and PCR for genetically modified corn in Brazil

V. E. Nascimento, Von Pinho, E. V. R., Von Pinho, R. G., and Júnior, A. Ddo Nascime, “Detection limits of the strip test and PCR for genetically modified corn in Brazil”, vol. 11, pp. 2497-2505, 2012.

Brazilian legislation establishes a labeling limit for products that contain more than 1% material from genetically modified organisms (GMOs). We assessed the sensitivity of the lateral flow strip test in detection of the GMO corn varieties Bt11 and MON810 and the specificity and sensitivity of PCR techniques for their detection. For the strip test, the GMO seeds were mixed with conventional seeds at levels of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8% for Bt11, and 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6% for MON810. Three different methodologies were assessed and whole seeds, their endosperm and embryonic axis were used.

Genes, genome and Gestalt

C. Koppe Grisolia, “Genes, genome and Gestalt”, vol. 4. pp. 100-104, 2005.

According to Gestalt thinking, biological systems cannot be viewed as the sum of their elements, but as processes of the whole. To understand organisms we must start from the whole, observing how the various parts are related. In genetics, we must observe the genome over and above the sum of its genes. Either loss or addition of one gene in a genome can change the function of the organism. Genomes are organized in networks of genes, which need to be well integrated.

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