Genetic structure

Microsatellite markers for genetic studies of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

V. A. C. Pavinato, Martinelli, S., de Lima, P. F., Zucchi, M. I., and Omoto, C., Microsatellite markers for genetic studies of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, vol. 12. pp. 370-380, 2013.

We developed six microsatellite markers for the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The SSR loci were isolated with enriched genomic library protocol by using native individuals as a genome source for markers. These loci were characterized in 48 individuals and they were tested for the ability to identify candidate migrants exchanged among the samples. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 to 18 (10.8 on average). The observed polymorphism information content ranged from 0.172 to 0.891.

Morphological and genetic variation of the pine shoot tunnel beetle Placusa pinearum (Staphylinidae) in China

J. - Y. Gao, Ji, B. - Z., and Liu, S. - W., Morphological and genetic variation of the pine shoot tunnel beetle Placusa pinearum (Staphylinidae) in China, vol. 12, pp. 2086-2101, 2013.

Placusa pinearum, a newly described beetle species found living in pine shoot tunnels bored by the pine tip moth, Dioryctria rubella (Pyralidae), has potential as a vector to transport biological agents for controlling this moth pest of pine trees because of the high degree of niche overlap (co-occurrence) between them. In order to help determine the suitability of potential biological control vectors, it is useful to obtain knowledge concerning the intraspecific variation of the vector. We examined P.

Reduced genetic diversity in endemic Brazilian Lymania spp (Bromeliaceae) populations and implications for conservation

V. C. C. Pamponét, Alves, T. F., Martinez, R. A., Corrêa, R. X., and Gaiotto, F. A., Reduced genetic diversity in endemic Brazilian Lymania spp (Bromeliaceae) populations and implications for conservation, vol. 12, pp. 4352-4362, 2013.

We analyzed the genetic diversity of populations of two sympatric species of Lymania (Bromeliaceae), both endemic to the Atlantic rainforest of southern Bahia (Brazil). Lymania azurea has a restricted occurrence, while Lymania smithii has a wider distribution. Our aim was to provide genetic data to contribute to the design of more efficient conservation strategies for these bromeliads, possibly justifying inclusion in the official Brazilian list of Endangered Species. Up to now, L.

Inbreeding effects in Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil populations, an endangered species of the Brazilian Cerrado

T. M. Moura, Siqueira, M. V. B. M., and Oliveira, G. C. X., Inbreeding effects in Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil populations, an endangered species of the Brazilian Cerrado, vol. 12, pp. 6006-6010, 2013.

The inbreeding effective population size is an estimate of inbreeding and genetic drift in populations. It is an important tool for conservation genetics because it represents the number of individuals that are effectively contributing alleles to the subsequent generations. Several studies have been published in the last decades on the genetic structure of natural plant populations of the Cerrado, the Central-Brazilian savannahs, but most of them do not present effective size estimates.

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for the Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli

C. - C. Bai, Liu, S. - F., Zhuang, Z. - M., Lin, L., Wang, H., and Chang, Y. - Q., Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for the Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli, vol. 10. pp. 2065-2068, 2011.

The Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) is an important commercial fish that is widely used in aquaculture. We isolated and characterized 18 polymorphic microsatellite loci from the Korean rockfish using a (GT)13-enriched genomic library. Polymorphism was assessed in 48 individuals from a single population collected from the northern coastal waters of the Yellow Sea. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.0244 to 0.7660 (mean 0.4194) and 0.0244 to 0.8758 (mean 0.5002), respectively.

Genetic diversity of worldwide Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) germplasm as revealed by RAPD markers

P. P. Wangsomnuk, Khampa, S., Wangsomnuk, P., Jogloy, S., Mornkham, T., Ruttawat, B., Patanothai, A., and Fu, Y. B., Genetic diversity of worldwide Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) germplasm as revealed by RAPD markers, vol. 10, pp. 4012-4025, 2011.

Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) is a wild relative of the cultivated sunflower (H. annuus); it is an old tuber crop that has recently received renewed interest. We used RAPD markers to characterize 147 Jerusalem artichoke accessions from nine countries. Thirty RAPD primers were screened; 13 of them detected 357 reproducible RAPD bands, of which 337 were polymorphic. Various diversity analyses revealed several different patterns of RAPD variation. More than 93% of the RAPD variation was found within accessions of a country.

Genetic diversity in populations of the viper Bothrops moojeni Hoge, 1966 in Central Brazil using RAPD markers

N. C. L. Dutra, Telles, M. P. C., Dutra, D. L., and Júnior, N. J. Silva, Genetic diversity in populations of the viper Bothrops moojeni Hoge, 1966 in Central Brazil using RAPD markers, vol. 7, pp. 603-613, 2008.

Bothrops moojeni is an abundant venomous snake responsible for most of the snakebite cases in the Central region of Brazil and as a result of the anthropogenic habitat disturbance, such as the increase in extensive farming, the range of B. moojeni has been greatly fragmented. Here, we obtained genomic DNA from a total of 75 snakes belonging to four populations. Genetic variability evaluated for five RAPD primers was low (He = 0.20) and was not spatially structured. We found evidence of significant genetic divergence among B.

Population genetic structure of the blue-fronted Amazon (Amazona aestiva, Psittacidae: Aves) based on nuclear microsatellite loci: implications for conservation

K. C. E. Leite, Seixas, G. H. F., Berkunsky, I., Collevatti, R. G., and Caparroz, R., Population genetic structure of the blue-fronted Amazon (Amazona aestiva, Psittacidae: Aves) based on nuclear microsatellite loci: implications for conservation, vol. 7, pp. 819-829, 2008.

The blue-fronted Amazon (Amazona aestiva) is a widely distributed Neotropical parrot and one of the most captured parrots in nature to supply the illegal trade of wild animals. The objectives of the present study were to analyze the genetic structure of A. aestiva to identify management units and support conservation planning and to verified if A. aestiva populations have undergone a recent bottleneck due to habitat loss and capture for the pet trade. The genetic structure was accessed by analyzing six microsatellite loci in 74 individuals of A.

Psorophora columbiae and Psorophora toltecum (Diptera: Culicidae) Colombian populations cannot be differentiated by isoenzymes

M. Ruiz-Garcia, Ramirez, D., Bello, F., and Alvarez, D., Psorophora columbiae and Psorophora toltecum (Diptera: Culicidae) Colombian populations cannot be differentiated by isoenzymes, vol. 2, pp. 229-259, 2003.

Two populations of the mosquito Psorophora columbiae from the central Andean area of Colombia and one population of Ps. toltecum from the Atlantic coast of Colombia were analyzed for 11 isoenzyme markers. Psorophora columbiae and Ps. toltecum are two of the main vectors of Venezuelan equine encephalitis. We found no conspicuous genetic differences between the two species. The relatively high gene flow levels among these populations indicate that these are not two different species or that there has been recent divergence between these taxa.

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