Genetic diversity

Genetic diversity analysis of Capparis spinosa L. populations by using ISSR markers

C. Liu, Xue, G. P., Cheng, B., Wang, X., He, J., Liu, G. H., and Yang, W. J., Genetic diversity analysis of Capparis spinosa L. populations by using ISSR markers, vol. 14, pp. 16476-16483, 2015.

Capparis spinosa L. is an important medicinal species in the Xinjiang Province of China. Ten natural populations of C. spinosa from 3 locations in North, Central, and South Xinjiang were studied using morphological trait inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers to assess the genetic diversity and population structure. In this study, the 10 ISSR primers produced 313 amplified DNA fragments, with 52% of fragments being polymorphic. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analysis indicated that 10 C.

Genetic structure of Pilosocereus gounellei (Cactaceae) as revealed by AFLP marker to guide proposals for improvement and restoration of degraded areas in Caatinga biome

E. R. Monteiro, Strioto, D. K., Meirelles, A. C. S., Mangolin, C. A., and Machado, M. F. P. S., Genetic structure of Pilosocereus gounellei (Cactaceae) as revealed by AFLP marker to guide proposals for improvement and restoration of degraded areas in Caatinga biome, vol. 14, pp. 16966-16974, 2015.

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was used to evaluate DNA polymorphism in Pilosocereus gounellei with the aim of differentiating samples grown in different Brazilian semiarid regions. Seven primer pairs were used to amplify 703 AFLP markers, of which 700 (99.21%) markers were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic markers ranged from 95.3% for the primer combination E-AAG/M-CTT to 100% for E-ACC/M-CAT, E-ACC/M-CAA, E-AGC/M-CAG, E-ACT/M-CTA, and E-AGG/M-CTG.

Population genetic structure of Myzus persicae nicotianae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in China by microsatellite analysis

C. Zhao, Yang, X. M., Tang, S. H., Xu, P. J., Bian, W. J., Wang, X. F., Wang, X. W., and Ren, G. W., Population genetic structure of Myzus persicae nicotianae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in China by microsatellite analysis, vol. 14, pp. 17159-17169, 2015.

The tobacco aphid, Myzus persicae nicotianae (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an important agricultural pest that feeds on host plants and transmits plant viruses in China. To effectively control this pest, we investigated the genetic variation and genetic structure of 54 populations of tobacco aphids collected in China, using five microsatellite loci.

Genetic diversity in mutated and non-mutated rice varieties

M. Naeem, Ghouri, F., Shahid, M. Q., Iqbal, M., Baloch, F. S., Chen, L., Allah, S., Babar, M., and Rana, M., Genetic diversity in mutated and non-mutated rice varieties, vol. 14, pp. 17109-17123, 2015.

We studied the genetic variability due to mutation induced by γ-rays (10, 15, and 20 Kr) on various traits of twelve rice genotypes. Mutated and non-mutated seeds were sown in the field between July 2013 and 2014 using a split plot design. Yield and yield-related trait data was recorded, which showed significant (P < 0.05) genotypic and irradiation effects. Gamma radiation exerted non-significant effects on the panicle length of all plants, indicating the uniformity of performance of this character at different radiation levels.

Genetic characterization of red-colored heartwood genotypes of Chinese fir using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers

H. J. Duan, Hu, R. Y., Wu, B., Chen, D. X., Huang, K. Y., Dai, J., Chen, Q., Wei, Z. C., Cao, S., Sun, Y. H., and Li, Y., Genetic characterization of red-colored heartwood genotypes of Chinese fir using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, vol. 14, pp. 18552-18561, 2015.

The present study investigated the genetic characterization of red-colored heartwood Chinese fir [Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.] in Guangxi using 21 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and analyzes of the genetic variation (N = 149) in samples obtained from five sites in Guangxi Province, China. The number of different alleles and the Shannon’s information index per locus ranged from 3 to 12 and from 0.398 to 2.258 with average values of 6 and 1.211, respectively, indicating moderate levels of genetic diversity within this germplasm collection.

Genetic variation in wild populations of the tuber crop Amorphophallus konjac (Araceae) in central China as revealed by AFLP markers

C. Pan, Gichira, A. W., and Chen, J. M., Genetic variation in wild populations of the tuber crop Amorphophallus konjac (Araceae) in central China as revealed by AFLP markers, vol. 14, pp. 18753-18763, 2015.

Amorphophallus konjac is an economically important crop. In order to provide baseline information for sustainable development and conservation of the wild plant resources of A. konjac, we studied the genetic diversity and population structure of this species using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) molecular markers. We sampled 139 individuals from 10 wild populations of A. konjac in central China. Using five AFLP primer combinations, we scored a total of 270 DNA fragments, most of which were polymorphic (98.2%).

Genetic analysis of five sedentary fish species in middle Laranjinha River (upper Paraná River basin): A case study

W. Frantine-Silva, Ferreira, D. G., Nascimento, R. H. C., Fracasso, J. F., Conte, J. E., Ramos, F. P., Carvalho, S., and Galindo, B. A., Genetic analysis of five sedentary fish species in middle Laranjinha River (upper Paraná River basin): A case study, vol. 14, pp. 18637-18649, 2015.

Most studies of diversity and genetic structure in neotropical fish have focused on commercial species from large rivers or their reservoirs. However, smaller tributaries have been identified as an important alternative migratory route, with independent pools of genetic diversity. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate genetic diversity and structure in five neotropical fish species from a region of Laranjinha River in the upper Paraná River basin.

Genetic diversity analysis in Tunisian perennial ryegrass germplasm as estimated by RAPD, ISSR, and morpho-agronomical markers

S. Ghariani, Elazreg, H., Chtourou-Ghorbel, N., Chakroun, M., and Trifi-Farah, N., Genetic diversity analysis in Tunisian perennial ryegrass germplasm as estimated by RAPD, ISSR, and morpho-agronomical markers, vol. 14, pp. 18523-18533, 2015.

Tunisia is rich in diverse forage and pasture species including perennial ryegrass. In order to enhance forage production and improve agronomic performance of this local germplasm, a molecular analysis was undertaken. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and morpho-agronomical traits markers were used for genetic diversity estimation of ryegrass germplasm after screening 20 spontaneous accessions, including a local and an introduced cultivars.

Assessment of genetic diversity of cucumber cultivars in China based on simple sequence repeats and fruit traits

Y. T. Yang, Liu, Y., Qi, F., Xu, L. L., Li, X. Z., Cong, L. J., Guo, X., Chen, S. X., and Fang, Y. L., Assessment of genetic diversity of cucumber cultivars in China based on simple sequence repeats and fruit traits, vol. 14, pp. 19028-19039, 2015.

The cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important crop grown worldwide. In this study, the genetic diversity of 42 cucumber cultivars in China was analyzed using 51 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. These primers identified 129 polymorphic loci, 95.6% of which were polymorphic. The mean effective number of alleles, mean Nei’s gene diversity, and mean Shannon’s information index were 0.36, 0.16, and 0.21, respectively.

Microsatellite DNA markers and their correlation with growth traits in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi)

L. F. Sun, Li, J., Liang, X. F., Yi, T. L., Fang, L., Sun, J., He, Y. H., Luo, X. N., Dou, Y. Q., and Yang, M., Microsatellite DNA markers and their correlation with growth traits in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi), vol. 14, pp. 19128-19135, 2015.

The mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a traditionally cultured freshwater fish with high commercial value in China. To facilitate marker-assisted selection in genetic improvement of this species, 120 microsatellite markers from the literature were characterized in the 25 largest and 25 smallest individuals. Eighteen polymorphic loci were then used to genotype 200 individuals, and the associations between their genotypes and growth traits were examined.

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