Endophytes

Extracellular enzymatic profiles and taxonomic identification of endophytic fungi isolated from four plant species

R. N. Alberto, Costa, A. T., Polonio, J. C., Santos, M. S., Rhoden, S. A., Azevedo, J. L., Pamphile, J. A., Alberto, R. N., Costa, A. T., Polonio, J. C., Santos, M. S., Rhoden, S. A., Azevedo, J. L., and Pamphile, J. A., Extracellular enzymatic profiles and taxonomic identification of endophytic fungi isolated from four plant species, vol. 15, no. 4, p. -, 2016.

INTRODUCTION

Endophytic fungi exhibit complex interactions with their hosts. This fact has recently triggered several studies exploring their utilization as sources of novel bioactive natural products. Although the production of metabolites depends on several factors, fungi employ molecular pathways resulting in specific compounds. The products of these metabolic processes include important drugs such as penicillin and statins, and toxic substances such as aflatoxins (Keller et al., 2005).

Molecular characterization of the endophytic fungal community associated with Eichhornia azurea (Kunth) and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) (Pontederiaceae) native to the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil

T. T. Almeida, Orlandelli, R. C., Azevedo, J. L., and Pamphile, J. A., Molecular characterization of the endophytic fungal community associated with Eichhornia azurea (Kunth) and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) (Pontederiaceae) native to the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil, vol. 14, pp. 4920-4931, 2015.

Endophytic fungi live in the interior of healthy plants without causing them any damage. These fungi are of biotechnological interest; they may be used in the biological control of pests and plant diseases, and in the pharmaceutical industry. The aquatic macrophytes Eichhornia azurea (Kunth) and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) belong to the Pontederiaceae family. The first is a fixed-floating species and the second is a free-floating species that is known for its phytoremediation potential. The fungal endophytes associated with the leaves of E.

Diversity of endophytic fungal community associated with Piper hispidum (Piperaceae) leaves

R. C. Orlandelli, Alberto, R. N., Filho, C. J. Rubin, and Pamphile, J. A., Diversity of endophytic fungal community associated with Piper hispidum (Piperaceae) leaves, vol. 11, pp. 1575-1585, 2012.

Tropical and subtropical plants are rich in endophytic community diversity. Endophytes, mainly fungi and bacteria, inhabit the healthy plant tissues without causing any damage to the hosts. These fungi can be useful for biological control of pathogens and plant growth promotion. Some plants of the genus Piper are hosts of endophytic microorganisms; however, there is little information about endophytes on Piper hispidum, a medicinal shrub used as an insecticide, astringent, diuretic, stimulant, liver treatment, and for stopping hemorrhages.

Phylogenetic diversity of endophytic leaf fungus isolates from the medicinal tree Trichilia elegans (Meliaceae)

S. A. Rhoden, Garcia, A., Filho, C. J. Rubin, Azevedo, J. L., and Pamphile, J. A., Phylogenetic diversity of endophytic leaf fungus isolates from the medicinal tree Trichilia elegans (Meliaceae), vol. 11, pp. 2513-2522, 2012.

Various types of organisms, mainly fungi and bacteria, live within vegetal organs and tissues, without causing damage to the plant. These microorganisms, which are called endophytes, can be useful for biological control and plant growth promotion; bioactive compounds from these organisms may have medical and pharmaceutical applications. Trichilia elegans (Meliaceae) is a native tree that grows abundantly in several regions of Brazil.

Endophytic fungi from Vitis labrusca L. ‘Niagara Rosada’) and its potential for the biological control of Fusarium oxysporum

M. C. P. Brum, Araújo, W. L., Maki, C. S., and Azevedo, J. L., Endophytic fungi from Vitis labrusca L. ‘Niagara Rosada’) and its potential for the biological control of Fusarium oxysporum, vol. 11, pp. 4187-4197, 2012.

We investigated the diversity of endophytic fungi found on grape (Vitis labrusca cv. Niagara Rosada) leaves collected from Salesópolis, SP, Brazil. The fungi were isolated and characterized by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis, followed by sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA. In addition, the ability of these endophytic fungi to inhibit the grapevine pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp herbemontis was determined in vitro.

Diversity of bacterial endophytes in roots of Mexican husk tomato plants (Physalis ixocarpa) and their detection in the rhizosphere

H. A. Marquez-Santacruz, Hernandez-Leon, R., Orozco-Mosqueda, M. C., Velazquez-Sepulveda, I., and Santoyo, G., Diversity of bacterial endophytes in roots of Mexican husk tomato plants (Physalis ixocarpa) and their detection in the rhizosphere, vol. 9, pp. 2372-2380, 2010.

Endophytic bacterial diversity was estimated in Mexican husk tomato plant roots by amplified rDNA restriction analysis and se­quence homology comparison of the 16S rDNA genes. Sixteen opera­tional taxonomic units from the 16S rDNA root library were identified based on sequence analysis, including the classes Gammaproteobacte­ria, Betaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacilli. The predominant genera were Stenotrophomonas (21.9%), Microbacterium (17.1%), Bur­kholderia (14.3%), Bacillus (14.3%), and Pseudomonas (10.5%).

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