Bos indicus

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine leptin and leptin receptor genes with growth and ultrasound carcass traits in Nellore cattle

R. C. G. da Silva, Ferraz, J. B. S., Meirelles, F. V., Eler, J. P., Balieiro, J. C. C., Cucco, D. C., Mattos, E. C., Rezende, F. M., and Silva, S. L., “Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine leptin and leptin receptor genes with growth and ultrasound carcass traits in Nellore cattle”, vol. 11, pp. 3721-3728, 2012.

Given the important role of leptin in metabolism, we looked for a possible association of leptin and leptin receptor polymorphisms with carcass and growth traits in Nellore cattle.

Candidate genes for production traits in Nelore beef cattle

P. C. Tizioto, Meirelles, S. L., Tulio, R. R., Rosa, A. N., Alencar, M. M., Medeiros, S. R., Siqueira, F., Feijó, G. L. D., Silva, L. O. C., Júnior, R. A. A. Torres, and Regitano, L. C. A., “Candidate genes for production traits in Nelore beef cattle”, vol. 11, pp. 4138-4144, 2012.

Meat quality is an important trait for the beef industry. Backfat thickness, ribeye area, and shear force are traits measured late in life, and the investigation of molecular markers associated with these traits can help breeding programs. In cattle, some polymorphisms have been related to production traits.

Protein synthesis and degradation gene SNPs related to feed intake, feed efficiency, growth, and ultrasound carcass traits in Nellore cattle

R. C. Gomes, Silva, S. L., Carvalho, M. E., Rezende, F. M., Pinto, L. F. B., Santana, M. H. A., Stella, T. R., Meirelles, F. V., P. Júnior, R., Leme, P. R., and Ferraz, J. B. S., “Protein synthesis and degradation gene SNPs related to feed intake, feed efficiency, growth, and ultrasound carcass traits in Nellore cattle”, vol. 12, pp. 2923-2936, 2013.

We looked for possible associations of SNPs in genes related to protein turnover, with growth, feed efficiency and carcass traits in feedlot Nellore cattle. Purebred Nellore bulls and steers (N = 290; 378 ± 42 kg body weight, 23 months ± 42 days old) were evaluated for daily feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), gross feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio, partial efficiency of growth, residual feed intake (RFI), ultrasound backfat, rump fat, and ribeye area.

Additive genetic relationship of longevity with fertility and production traits in Nellore cattle based on bivariate models

M. H. Van Melis, Oliveira, H. N., Eler, J. P., Ferraz, J. B. S., Casellas, J., and Varona, L., “Additive genetic relationship of longevity with fertility and production traits in Nellore cattle based on bivariate models”, vol. 9, pp. 176-187, 2010.

Survival or longevity is an economically important trait in beef cattle. The main inconvenience for its inclusion in selection criteria is delayed recording of phenotypic data and the high computational demand for including survival in proportional hazard models. Thus, identification of a longevity-correlated trait that could be recorded early in life would be very useful for selection purposes.

Survival of the thriftiest: restricted nurture reveals the thrifty nature of a growth gene in Bos indicus

S. U. Dani, Dani, M. A. C., Freire, I. L., Gouvea, S. P., Knackfuss, F. B., Lima, F. P., Mercadante, M. E. Z., Monteiro, E., Paggiaro, S. M. G., Razook, A. G., and Yehia, H. C., “Survival of the thriftiest: restricted nurture reveals the thrifty nature of a growth gene in Bos indicus”, vol. 9, pp. 1032-1044, 2010.

Growth hormone (GH) is a part of the somatotropic axis that controls metabolism, growth, development and aging in a wide range of animals. Mutations that reduce GH signaling have been associated with extended life spans and increased longevity in ways similar to what is observed in dietary restriction (DR) models. However, the mechanism by which DR works is not well understood. Here, we show that DR works as a factor in the evolution of the genetic make-up of domestic cattle.

Quantitative trait loci affecting lactose and total solids on chromosome 6 in Brazilian Gir dairy cattle

A. A. Silva, Azevedo, A. L. S., Gasparini, K., Verneque, R. S., Peixoto, M. G. C. D., Panetto, B. R., Guimarães, S. E. F., and Machado, M. A., “Quantitative trait loci affecting lactose and total solids on chromosome 6 in Brazilian Gir dairy cattle”, vol. 10, pp. 3817-3827, 2011.

Fourteen Brazilian Gir sire families with 657 daughters were analyzed for quantitative trait loci (QTL) on chromosome 6 affecting lactose and total solids. Cows and sires were genotyped with 27 microsatellites with a mean spacing between markers of 4.9 cM. We used a 1% chromosome-wide threshold for QTL qualification. A QTL for lactose yield was found close to marker MNB66 in three families. A QTL for total solid yield was identified close to marker BMS2508 in three families. A QTL for lactose percentage, close to marker DIK1182, was identified in two families.

Bos indicus or Bos taurus mitochondrial DNA - comparison of productive and reproductive breeding values in a Guzerat dairy herd

J. C. C. Paneto, Ferraz, J. B. S., Balieiro, J. C. C., Bittar, J. F. F., Ferreira, M. B. D., Leite, M. B., Merighe, G. K. F., and Meirelles, F. V., “Bos indicus or Bos taurus mitochondrial DNA - comparison of productive and reproductive breeding values in a Guzerat dairy herd”, vol. 7, pp. 592-602, 2008.

The observation of bovine mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms allows the separation of American zebu cattle, according to its maternal lineage ancestry, into two groups: one with Bos indicus mtDNA and other with Bos taurus mtDNA. The aim of the present study was to determine the productive and reproductive differences between these two groups, in a Guzerat dairy herd. The genotyping of a sample of 56 animals allowed the categorization of most of the 3835 animals in the pedigree file.

Brazilian Nelore cattle: a melting pot unfolded by molecular genetics

M. A. C. Dani, Heinneman, M. B., and Dani, S. U., “Brazilian Nelore cattle: a melting pot unfolded by molecular genetics”, vol. 7, pp. 1127-1137, 2008.

The aim of the present article was to study the population structure and genetic diversity of Nelore cattle and genetic relationships between Nelore and different taurine and zebu breeds raised in Brazil. DNA polymorphism analysis was carried out with 1976 animals of 16 zebu, taurine and synthetic breeds raised in Brazil. A higher genetic differentiation was observed in taurine than in zebu cattle. Gene flow was intense between the different zebu populations.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in Brahman steers and their association with carcass and tenderness traits

T. Smith, Thomas, M. G., Bidner, T. D., Paschal, J. C., and Franke, D. E., “Single nucleotide polymorphisms in Brahman steers and their association with carcass and tenderness traits”, vol. 8, pp. 39-46, 2009.

Data from purebred Brahman steers (N = 467) were used to study the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with carcass traits and measures of tenderness. Fall weaned calves were grazed and fed in a subtropical environment and then harvested for processing in a commercial facility. Carcass data were recorded 24 h postmortem. Muscle samples and primal ribs were obtained to measure calpastatin activity and shear force. DNA was used to determine genotypes of thyroglobulin (TG5), calpastatin (CAST) and μ-calpain (CAPN 316 and CAPN 4751) SNP.

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with carcass traits in Nellore cattle

J. B. S. Ferraz, Pinto, L. F. B., Meirelles, F. V., Eler, J. P., de Rezende, F. M., Oliveira, E. C. M., Almeida, H. B., Woodward, B., and Nkrumah, D., “Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with carcass traits in Nellore cattle”, vol. 8, pp. 1360-1366, 2009.

The association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), T945M and UCP1SNP1, with hot carcass weight (HCW, kg, N = 618), longissimus dorsi muscle area (REA, cm2, N = 633), and backfat thickness (BF, mm, N = 625), measured in Nellore cattle in Brazil, was evaluated. Likelihood ratio tests were used to evaluate reduced (fixed effects of general mean, contemporary group, yearling weight, age at slaughter, and random effect of infinitesimal genetic value) and full model (reduced model effects plus quantitative trait locus effects).

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