Adipose tissue

Generation of bovine (Bos indicus) and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) adipose tissue derived stem cells: isolation, characterization, and multipotentiality

R. V. Sampaio, Chiaratti, M. R., Santos, D. C. N., Bressan, F. F., Sangalli, J. R., Sá, A. L. A., Silva, T. V. G., Costa, N. N., Cordeiro, M. S., Santos, S. S. D., Ambrósio, C. E., Adona, P. R., Meirelles, F. V., Miranda, M. S., and Ohashi, O. M., “Generation of bovine (Bos indicus) and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) adipose tissue derived stem cells: isolation, characterization, and multipotentiality”, vol. 14, pp. 53-62, 2015.

Adult stem cells are known for their plasticity and their potential to differentiate into several different cell types; these characteristics have implications for cell therapy and reproductive biotechnologies. In this study, we report on the isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from bovine and buffalo adipose tissue. Cells isolated using enzymatic digestion of bovine and buffalo adipose-tissue biopsy samples were grown in vitro for at least 15 passages, verifying their capacity to proliferate.

Evaluation of pH effects on genomic integrity in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells using the comet assay

L. C. Hermeto, Oliveira, R. J., Matuo, R., Jardim, P. H. A., DeRossi, R., Antoniolli, A. C. M. B., Deffune, E., Evaristo, T. C., and Santana, Á. E., “Evaluation of pH effects on genomic integrity in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells using the comet assay”, vol. 14, pp. 339-348, 2015.

The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in experimental, clinical, and therapeutic trials has grown in recent years. However, the issue remains of whether these procedures are completely safe for transplant patients. Therefore, this study was designed and carried out with the aim of evaluating two different comet assay protocols for genomic damage pattern analysis in MSCs derived from adipose tissue. The analyzed and interpreted results suggest that genetic testing is needed to support clonal expansion safety in cell therapy procedures with MSCs.

Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on the expression levels of miR-27 and miR-143 in pig adipose tissue

R. L. Qi, Chen, Y., Huang, J. X., and Yang, F. Y., “Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on the expression levels of miR-27 and miR-143 in pig adipose tissue”, vol. 14, pp. 6985-6992, 2015.

In this study, we evaluated the effect and possible mech­anism of action of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on pig body fat deposition. Landrace piglets (N = 48) were randomly divided into three groups, which were fed diets containing 0% (control), 1%, or 2% CLA. Dorsal and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissues were col­lected, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to de­termine the expression of adipocyte differentiation marker genes and associated microRNAs (miRNAs).

Differential expression of lipid metabolism genes in the liver and adipose tissue of mice treated with evodiamine

D. F. Jiang, Zhang, X. G., Yang, H. L., and Sun, C., “Differential expression of lipid metabolism genes in the liver and adipose tissue of mice treated with evodiamine”, vol. 12, pp. 1501-1510, 2013.

Evodiamine is the main active alkali of Wu Zhuyu, a widely distributed Chinese herb. It plays an important role in the regulation of body fat deposition. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of evodiamine administration on the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue. Fasted mice were subcutaneously injected with evodiamine (37°C, 20 mg/kg), and the core body temperature change and expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes were evaluated at baseline, 0.5, 1, and 2 h.

Mapping, expression and regulation of the TRα gene in porcine adipose tissue

Z. - W. Cai, Sheng, Y. - F., Zhang, L. - F., Wang, Y., Jiang, X. - L., Lv, Z. - Z., and Xu, N. - Y., “Mapping, expression and regulation of the TRα gene in porcine adipose tissue”, vol. 10, pp. 1320-1330, 2011.

Thyroid hormone receptors (TR) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. There are at least two TR isoforms, TRα and TRβ. The TRα isoform plays a critical role in mediating the action of thyroid hormone in adipose tissue. We mapped the porcine TRα gene to chromosome 12 p11-p13, by using the ImpRH panel. We examined tissue-localization of TRα and determined expression patterns of TRα in porcine adipose tissue with quantitative real-time PCR.

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