BIOCHEMICAL AND MECHANISTIC INVESTIGATION OF DEBREGEASIA SAENEB MEDIATED TIO₂ NANOPARTICLES IN OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED LIVER INJURY

Abstract

The worldwide increase in hepatic diseases  and the side effects associated with many existing treatments has emphasized the importance for safer and more effective therapeutic alternatives.  Although currently available treatments such as N-acetylcysteine, Silymarin, and Ursodeoxycholic acid are routinely used for liver disorders, poor patient tolerance and associated side effects have encouraged increasing interest in natural plant based therapies. However, the therapeutic use of traditional herbal extracts is often limited by poor stability, low bioavailability, and lack of dose standardization. Current study is the first to report green synthesis and hepatoprotective evaluation of TiO₂ nanoparticles mediated by Debregeasia saeneb. The present study investigated the hepatoprotective potential of green synthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles prepared from Debregeasia salicifolia (D. saeneb) leaf extract collected from Azad Jammu Kashmir, a medicinal plant known for its rich antioxidant phytochemicals and traditional therapeutic value against oxidative stress-related disorders.The novelty of this work lies in the development of a safer and eco-friendly nanoparticle system designed to improve the stability, delivery, and biological activity of plant-derived compounds for liver protection. Successful nanoparticle synthesis was confirmed through UV–Vis, FTIR, DLS, zeta potential, and SEM analyses, which demonstrated stable nano sized particles with granular morphology. In APAP intoxicated mice, TiO₂ nanoparticles significantly improved liver biomarkers, restored antioxidant defenses, reduced lipid peroxidation, and improved hepatic histology with minimal necrosis. These findings suggest that plant-mediated TiO₂ nanoconjugates may serve as promising therapeutic candidates for the management of oxidative stress associated liver disorders.Bottom of Form